This post covers the
lecture notes of Unit I Vehicle structure and Engines of the subject
Automobile Engineering which is one of the important and useful
subjects for for both Mechanical and Automobile
Engineering students.
ME6602 Automobile Engineering
(Lecture Notes)
Prepared by K.Muthu, M.Tech., AP/Mech
UNIT - I
VEHICLE STRUCTURE
AND ENGINES
Ø Types of Automobiles
Ø Vehicle construction and different
layouts
Ø Chassis
Ø Frame and body
Ø Vehicle Aerodynamics (Various
resistances and moments involved)
Ø IC engines-Components, functions and
materials
Ø Variable Valve Timing (VVT)
What is Automobile?
Ø Self propelled vehicle (A vehicle
producing power within itself for its propulsion).
Ø It is used for the transportation of
passengers and goods from one place to another on the road or ground.
Brief history of
Automobiles
Ø Germany-Birth place-The list of
German automobile pioneers Otto, Carl Benz, Rudolf diesel, etc.,
Ø Captain Nicholas Cugnot- French
Engineer-Father of Automobiles
Leading manufacturer of
motor vehicles in the world as follows
Ø USA- Ford, Chrysler
Ø UK-Rolls Royce, Daimler
Ø Japan- Toyota, Nissan, Honda, Suzuki,
Mitsubishi
Ø Germany- BMW, Volkswagen, Audi,
Skoda, Mercedes-Benz, Porsche
Ø Italy-Fiat
Ø Sweden- Volvo
Ø France- Renault
Ø India-Tata motors,
Mahindra&Mahindra, Hindustan motors,
Ø South Korea- Hyundai
Basic components
(Parts):
Ø The power plant (Engine)-Source of
power
Ø The chassis-Supports the engine and
body
Ø The transmission system-Transmit the
power from engine to the drive wheels
Ø Body-Super structure for all
vehicles.
Ø The auxiliaries-Electrical equipment
Now we are enter into the syllabus wise notes which is given below.
Types of Automobiles
Automobiles
can be
classified with respect to different purposes.
A general classification of the automobiles is shown in
fig.
(i)
With respect to purpose
(a) Passenger
vehicles
(Ex): Car, bus, jeep, motor cycles,
(b) Goods
carriers
(Ex): Trucks, Lorries
(ii)
With respect to weight of
the vehicle
(a) Light
weight vehicles
(Ex): Cars, Jeeps
(b) Medium
weight vehicles
(Ex): Minibus, station wagon
(c) Heavy
weight vehicles
(Ex): Buses, Trucks, Trailers
(iii)
With respect to fuel used
(a) Petrol
vehicles
(Ex): Scooters, Cars, Motor cycles,
(b) Diesel
Vehicles
(Ex): Buses, Trucks, etc.,
(c) Gas
vehicles
(Ex): LPG, CNG vehicles
(d) Electric
vehicles
(Ex): Heavy cranes, battery used cars, forklifts, etc.,
(e) Solar
vehicles
(iv)
With respect to number of
wheels
(a) Two
wheelers
(Ex): Scooters, Mopeds
(b) Three
wheelers
(Ex): Auto, Tempos
(c) Four
wheelers
(Ex): Car, Jeep, Bus, Truck
(d) Six
wheelers
(Ex): Heavy trucks
(v)
With respect to the side of driver’s
seat:
(a) Left
hand drive
(Ex): Most of the American, European, UAE vehicles
(b) Right
hand drive
(Ex): Most of the Indian Vehicles
(vi)
With respect to transmission
(a) Conventional type
In
this type, ordinary gear box is fitted.
(Ex):
Most of Indian vehicles
(b) Semi automatic type
A
combination of manual and some
automatic gear box is fitted.
(Ex):
Most of British vehicles
(c) Fully automatic type
In
this type, vehicles are equipped with
full automatic transmission system by
using epicyclical gears and torque
converters.
(Ex):
American and European vehicles
(vii)
With respect to engine
capacity
The
capacity of the engine is expressed
in swept volume of the cylinder which is
normally expressed in cubic centimeter
(CC).
(Ex):
TVS XL- 50CC,
Bajaj
Discover, TVS Sport,
Splendor-100CC
Maruti
Suzuki Alto 800,
(i)
With respect to construction
(a) Single
unit vehicles
