Friday, 1 January 2016

Heat and Mass Transfer 2 marks with answers


This post covers the unit wise 2 marks questions with answers of Unit III Phase change heat transfer and Heat Exchangers, repeatedly asking from Anna University, Chennai, for the subject ME6502- Heat and Mass Transfer which is the one of the important subjects of Mechanical Engineering students whom were studying V semester.

Unit III  Phase change heat transfer and                       Heat Exchangers

Part- A (2 Marks with Answers)

1. Define boiling and condensation.

      Boiling
The change of phase from liquid to vapor state is known as boiling.
Condensation
The change of phase from vapor to liquid state is known as Condensation.

2. Give the application of boiling and condensation.

      (i) Thermal and nuclear power plant
      (ii) Refrigeration systems
      (iii) Air conditioning systems
      (iv) Process of heating and cooling

3. What is meant by pool boiling?
      
      If heat is added to a liquid from a submerged solid surface, the boiling process is referred to as pool boiling.
      In this case the liquid above the hot surface is essentially stagnant and its motion near the surface is due to free convection and mixing induced by bubble growth and detachment.

4. What is meant by film wise condensation?
      
    The liquid condensate wets the solid surface, spreads out and forms a continuous film over the entire surface is known as film wise condensation.

5. What is meant by drop wise condensation? Give its merits. 

      The vapor condensation, the vapor condenses into small liquid droplets of various sizes which fall down the surface in a random fashion.
Merits:
      A large portion of the area of the plate is directly exposed to vapor. The heat transfer rate in drop wise condensation is 10 times higher than in film condensation.

6. What is heat exchanger? What are the types of heat exchangers?

      A heat exchanger is defined as equipment which transfers the heat from a hot fluid to cold fluid.
Types
      (i) Direct contact heat exchangers
      (ii) Direct contact heat exchangers
      (iii) Surface heat exchangers
      (iv) Parallel flow heat exchangers
      (v) Counter flow heat exchangers
      (vi) Cross flow heat exchangers
      (vii) Shell and tube heat exchangers
      (viii) Compact heat exchangers

7. What do you meant by parallel and counter flow heat exchangers?

Parallel flow heat exchangers:
      In this type of heat exchanger, hot and cold fluids move in the same direction.
Counter flow heat exchangers:
      In this type of heat exchanger, hot and cold fluids move in parallel but opposite directions.

8. Write short notes on compact heat exchangers.

There are many special purpose heat exchangers called compact heat exchangers.
They are generally employed when convective heat transfer coefficient associated with one of the fluids is much smaller than that associated with the other fluid.

9. What is meant by LMTD?
   We know that the temperature difference between the hot and cold fluids in the heat exchanger varies from point to point.
    In addition various modes of heat transfer are involved.
  Therefore based on the concept of appropriate mean temperature difference, also called logarithmic mean temperature difference, the total heat transfer rate in the heat exchanger is expressed as
                         Q=UA ΔTm
Where
   U-Overall heat transfer coefficient in W/m2K
   A- Area in m2
   ΔTm – LMTD

10. What is meant by fouling factor?

      We know, the surfaces of heat exchangers do not remain clean after it has been in use for some time.
      The surfaces become fouled with scaling or deposits.
      The effect of these deposits affecting the value of overall heat transfer coefficient.
      This effect is taken care of by introducing an additional thermal resistance called the fouling resistance.

11. What is meant by heat exchanger effectiveness?

      It is defined as the ratio of actual heat transfer to the maximum possible heat transfer.
      Effectiveness = Q/Q max

12.  What is meant by NTU? Give its expression.
      Number of Transfer Unit (NTU) is a method which is used to determine the inlet or exit temperatures of heat exchangers.

                        NTU= UA / Cmin
     







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